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Events: I - M

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Immigration Act of 1924: After the Emergency Quota Act that set immigration to 3%, this immigration act set the amount of allowed immigrants done to 2%. It also completely blocked any Japanese, and Canadians and Latin Americans were exempt.

 

Indian Removal: Jackson urged the removal of the Georgia area Indians in hope of protecting them against angry whites. This removal uprooted over 10,000 Indians beyond the Mississippi river along a path called the Trail of Tears.

 

Indian Removal Resistance: Groups like the Sauk, Fox, and Seminoles resisted the relocating. The Sauk and Fox were crushed in 1832, but the Seminoles resisted for 7 years.

 

Intolerable Acts: The Intolerable Acts, put into place after the Boston Tea Party, closed the Boston harbor and also took away their Charter rights.

 

Japanese-American Internment: After Pearl Harbor, many citizens were scared that the Japanese Americans would turn and support their "homeland". So, in the west, over 116,000 into Japanese-Americans were forced into concentration camps.

 

Jay's Treaty: In this treaty with Great Britain, the British promised to evacuate their chain of posts on U.S. soil. They also agreed to repay damages they had done to American ships.

 

Jim Crow Laws: These laws were designed to enforce racial segregation in public places after slavery had become illegal. Boycotts and demonstrations to protest these laws showed up more and more often in the 1960s.

 

Judiciary Act of 1789: This act created 16 new federal judgeships and other judicial offices. Yet, if was repealed a year later in 1790.

 

The Jungle: Written by Upton Sinclair, this book told of the horrifying meat packaging that was being done in meat plants. The ugly images the book created led to the Meat Inspection Act of 1906, and later to the Pure Food and Drug Act.

 

Kansas-Nebraska Act: Pushed for by Senator Stephen A. Douglas. It would allow Kansas and Nebraska to vote whether or not they would like to be a slave state or free by popular sovereignty.

 

Kellogg-Briand Pact: This absurd pact outlawed war, except if in defense. France was the 1st country to sign the pact, but in the end 62 other country signed it. The reason this pact was absurd was because any country to make-up an excuse and use it to say that their attack was defensive

 

Kitchen Cabinet: This was the nickname for the president's unofficial cabinet. The cabinet often included persons from the newspaper. This whole concept brought the government and the people closer together.

 

Land Ordinance of 1785: This ordinance said that acreage would be sold off to pay off the national debt.

 

Lecompton Constitution: During the issue around the Kansas-Nebraska Act, this constitution was considered. Instead of voting for the constitution as a whole, they would vote for it with or without slavery.

 

Lend Lease Act: Approved in March 1941 this act helped Britain. The Lend Lease Act lent arms and money to Britain with the promise of it being returned, or the equivalent of it being returned, at the end of the war.

 

Louisiana Purchase: Spain gave the land to France. This transaction enraged many Americans who, after the signing of Pinckney's Treaty, used the Mississippi. So, Jefferson instructed Monroe and Livingston to try to buy New Orleans from France for no more then $10 million. Napoleon, who was currently fighting England, decided to sell all a huge chuck of his New World claims, because he didn't want them to fall into British hands if he lost the war. Napoleon then sold the Louisiana area for $15 million. This deal was amazing for America, but it contradicted Jefferson's strict interpretation policy.

 

Lowell System: In the city of Lowell, there was a factory that employed young ladies. The girls worked long hours for 6 days a week. They also lived on site in boarding houses built by the Lowell company. The girls who worked in the factory are often referred to all the Lowell Girls.

 

Loyalty program/ Loyalty Review Board: In 1947, Truman launched this board. The board investigated over 3,000 federal employees.

 

Lusitania: The Lusitania was a cruise liner sailing from America back to England. On its way to Great Britain, it entered a war zone. Within the war zone, a German U-boat (submarine) fired upon the Lusitania without warning. The ship was sunk, killing many Americans and British. This event shoved many east-coast Americans farther into war involvement, but the majority westerners and mid-westerners still tried to keep out of the war.

 

Marshall Plan: On June 5th, 1947 Senator George Marshall invited Europeans countries to create a joint plan. The countries representatives met in Paris. Together they decided that the United States would help reconstruction efforts by paying $12.5 million over four years to 16 countries.

 

Maysville Road Veto: Henry Clay tried to pass a bill to create the Maysville Road. Yet, in 1830, Jackson, upholding his beliefs of states rights and responsibilities, vetoed the bill. This was mainly since the road lay entirely within Kentucky (but connected with other interstates).

 

McKinley Tariff Bill of 1890: This Tariff, used against Republicans, put the tariff at 48.4%. The whole reason for the tariff was as a trade for the Sherman Silver Purchase Act.

 

Mercantilism: Mercantilists believed that wealth was power, and that a country's wealth could be measured by the amount of gold or silver in its treasury. This theory  led to the overbearing of Great Britain on the colonies.

 

Mexican Session: The Mexican Session, received after the Mexican War, included Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, Colorado, and Wyoming.

 

Military Reconstruction Act: After the Civil War, this act divided the South into 5 military sections to help keep reconstruction peaceful and progressive. Military control was done by the gun and sword.

 

Missouri Compromise: This compromise, created by Henry Clay, slit equally the number of slave states and non-slave states to make decisions in the Legislature. There were then 12 free states and 12 non-slave states. Missouri was added as a slave state and Maine as a free state. Then the rule no slaves north of 36 30' line was also implanted. This compromise awakened southern whites to the importance of representation in government, thus helping bring in the Age of Jacksonism.

 

Monroe Doctrine: This document passed in 1823, often referred to later in history, told other countries to stay out of the western hemisphere. The United States felt the need for this doctrine since they were beginning to feel squashed. Simple put, the Monroe Doctrine enforced non-colonization and nonintervention.

 

Mormon Church: Joseph Smith had the vision of the church and started its creation, but he was murdered before it truly got going. After Smith's death, Brigham Young took over. He decided to move the Church west, where the group ended up in Utah.

 

Morrill Act: In 1862, this act granted land for education after the South had seceded.

 

Morrill Tariff: After the Southern states had left Congress, the remaining members were able to pass many bills and acts with little opposition. One thing they passed was the Morrill Tariff, which raised the tariff by 5-10%.

 

Munich Agreement: In 1938 in Munich Germany Czechoslovakia was given to Germany if they stopped their invasions. Hitler agreed to this, but broke his promise 6 months later.

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